The Act adds two new subsections that prohibit licensed physicians, hospitals, and related institutions from performing or providing certain forms of gender‑affirming medical treatment, while also defining mechanisms for promulgating and enforcing new prohibitions and exceptions allowing such treatment.
Download PDF
The Act makes it a felony for any government employee, election official, or county or municipal government to accept third‑party funding for conducting elections. The Act also establishes an executive director position within the State Election Board and fiscally separates the Election Board Committee and the Office of the
The Act amends several Code sections pertaining to voting, including broadening the individuals eligible to serve on an independent performance review board; allowing for employees to request time off for advance in person voting; specifying which elections may be audited; and providing election superintendents more time to report required election
The Act enhances penalties for violations of the Street Gang Terrorism and Prevention Act, including imposing mandatory minimums, and preserves the State’s right to appeal a court’s deviation from the mandatory minimum sentencing guidelines provided in the Act. The Act also imposes limits on the use of unsecured
The Act establishes a Prosecuting Attorneys Qualifications Commission to discipline, remove, and require the involuntary retirement of appointed or elected state prosecutors found to be in violation of their duties, and adds additional duties for state prosecutors to conduct individual reviews of cases where probable cause exists.
Download PDF
Although cap and trade is overwhelmingly preferred by economists for reducing greenhouse gases and spurring the adoption of renewables and other zero-carbon alternatives, some scholars and advocates worry that it allows firms to concentrate operations in poor and minority neighborhoods, thus leading to hot spots of harmful co-pollutants. Commentators differ
This Article describes the regular use of lying during plea bargaining by criminal justice stakeholders and the paradox it presents for those who care about creating a fairer criminal legal system. The paradox is this: lying at plea bargaining allows defendants the opportunity to negotiate fair resolutions to their cases
The United States implements much of its social policy through its income tax laws. The Code is rife with tax expenditures for education, housing, community economic development, retirement savings, and health care to name a few. But the IRS is not an agency with expertise in any of these areas
In an effort to control rising drug costs, some health insurers have begun experimenting with methods to link decisions about coverage to the value added by medicines, including through the use of formal cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA). Increased interest in subjecting new drugs to rigorous economic analysis is a welcome development,
The Public Company Accounting Standards Board (PCAOB) was created by the Sarbanes–Oxley Act (SOX) in 2002 in response to the Enron and WorldCom auditing scandals. The PCAOB regulates the $20 billion annual auditing industry, which itself provides assurance for the financial integrity of $27 trillion in outstanding global publicly
In Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. v. Superior Court (BMS), eighty-six California residents and five hundred ninety-two nonresidents from thirty-three different states, who had originally filed eight separate complaints, used ordinary party joinder rules to file a mass tort action in California state court, alleging that Bristol-Myers Squibb’s blood-thinning drug made
Despite the efforts of policymakers, access to in-network behavioral health care services has continued to lag relative to other types of health care. Many psychiatrists, for example, do not accept insurance, limiting access to their services to only those individuals who can afford to pay out of pocket. Several factors
Scientific and technological advances in nanopharmaceuticals bring the doctrine of inherent obviousness to a head. On the one hand, nanotechnology promises to offer novel ways to target and treat traditionally incurable diseases by operating at a scale that is comparable to the scales that most biological systems use. On the
Under the rule-of-reason framework, litigation involving the NCAA has condoned the practice of crediting purported benefits to one group as an “offset” to antitrust injury suffered by another. Although the Ohio v. American Express decision addressed countervailing effects on merchants versus cardholders within the same two-sided market (credit cards), NCAA
